Open Standard Education

The Mechanics of
Equity Capital.

We decode private equity structures, public market valuations, and the mathematical reality behind cap tables and LBOs. No investment advice. Just the mechanics.

Finance is obscured by jargon. The math is simple.

Most resources on private equity and institutional finance treat the underlying mechanics as proprietary secrets. They bury the basic arithmetic of Leveraged Buyouts (LBOs) and Discounted Cash Flows (DCFs) behind complex excel wizardry and proprietary training courses.

The Institute of Equity exists to publish the exact formulas, structural norms, and market realities that govern how companies are valued, bought, and sold.

Whether you are a founder navigating a Series A term sheet, a junior analyst building your first operating model, or an allocator trying to understand Internal Rate of Return (IRR) versus Multiple on Invested Capital (MOIC), you will find the answers here, documented in plain English.

Core Domains

Private Equity

The mechanics of LBOs, fund structures (GP/LP), carry waterfalls, and value creation in privately held assets.

Venture & Growth

Cap table math, dilution, liquidation preferences, term sheets, and the economics of high-growth equity.

Valuation

DCF analysis, WACC calculation, public market comparables, precedent transactions, and enterprise value bridges.

Interactive Tool

IRR vs MOIC:
The Math of Returns

Internal Rate of Return (IRR) measures the time value of money, while Multiple on Invested Capital (MOIC) measures absolute cash returned. Private equity relies on both. See exactly how hold duration impacts IRR while leaving MOIC unchanged.

Open Calculator

Market Baselines

Current typical parameters used in baseline modeling. Do not use for live transactions.

2.0x+
Target MOIC (LBO)
Typical 5-year hold.
20-25%
Target IRR (LBO)
Historical benchmark.
15-20%
VC Dilution
Per priced round (avg).
4-6x
Leverage (Debt/EBITDA)
Subject to credit cycles.